For preschoolers, the world feels most manageable when it is familiar. Daily routines, favourite people and predictable environments provide children with a sense of safety and help them make sense of what to expect. When these things change, whether through starting school, moving house, family changes or welcoming a new sibling, children can experience uncertainty, worry or overwhelm as they try to adjust.

Young children are still developing the language and emotional skills needed to explain how they feel, so change is often communicated through behaviour. Increased clinginess, frustration, disrupted sleep, withdrawal or emotional outbursts are common responses and are often signs that children are seeking reassurance and connection rather than being difficult or oppositional.

While transitions can be challenging, they are also important opportunities for building coping skills. Research consistently shows that warm relationships, consistent routines and supportive adults play a key role in helping children adapt. Some children, including those with autism, ADHD or other developmental differences, may require additional preparation, flexibility and support when navigating change. With patience and guidance, families can help children develop the confidence to manage uncertainty and approach new experiences with greater resilience.